Mercury containing lamps (MCL), often classified as household hazardous waste, are a threat to human and environmental health. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a common management framework. The objectives of this study are to estimate the improper disposal of household MCLs across eight Canadian provinces (with and without EPR) and model households’ improper MCL disposal using seven factors. The number of retail locations collecting lamps per 100,000 households is about 10 in provinces with EPR, and about 3 in provinces without EPR. Across all study areas, MCLs being disposed of in landfills are decreasing over time. Pearson correlation analysis found that environmental awareness and socio-economic factors are more important to electronic light usage in provinces with EPR. Regression analysis showed that the percentage of households using LEDs was important in determining the disposal of MCLs in provinces with and without EPR. For provinces with existing EPR programs for MCLs, the percentage of households composting kitchen waste was important. This may be due to household members being more environmentally aware. In non-EPR provinces, obtaining a tertiary education was important in determining the disposal of MCLs. EPR is an effective tool in the management of MCL waste in Canada. The conventional MCL per capita variable may be less useful given the changing household size. We recommend monitoring and reporting of the MCL quantity at the household level for policy-making purposes.