In 2012, a recast EU Directive on Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) was adopted, which requires EU Member States to achieve ambitious WEEE collection targets by 2019. To meet these targets, Member States must collect either 65% of the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) placed on the market in the three preceding years or 85% of WEEE generated. However, in Belgium, as well as in Europe as a whole, there are no established methods for determining how much EEE is placed on market or the amount of WEEE that is generated. Without overcoming these knowledge gaps, it will be difficult for Belgium to demonstrate that it will meet the new EU collection targets, or even determine how much additional WEEE must be collected in order to meet them. Over the past 10 years, Recupel has set up a system for the collection and recycling of WEEE that meets the targets under the current legislation. Meeting the new collection targets will require more than simply additional effort; it will require more detailed information on the amounts of EEE placed on market and WEEE generated beyond current view of Recupel, as well as on the various actors involved in WEEE collection and recycling in Belgium. It is toward this end that Recupel commissioned this research project on market structure and mass balance of (W)EEE in Belgium. It is the aim of this research project to generate and make available the data necessary for holding fact‐based discussions with government and market parties involved in the collection and recycling of WEEE, which will better enable Belgium to meet the new EU WEEE collection targets. The study uses a statistical model for calculating the amounts of EEE placed on market and WEEE generated. This model was developed by United Nations University (UNU), and it has also been applied in similar studies in the Netherlands and Italy. Beyond Recupel, information about collected and recycled WEEE was gathered via an extensive survey of market parties and from government registries and national statistics, as well as from data from the literature. During the study, a consultation group with representatives from governments and market parties held three meetings to discuss the setup and progress of the study. The research led to the following insights for 2011:  The UNU approach delivers a robust calculation of the amount of EEE introduced to the market, 26.2 kg per inhabitant, which is calculated based on national statistics of the production, import and export of EEE. This calculation is consistent with the 25.8 kg per inhabitant calculated based on Recupel’s own data combined with the data reported to the government by individual companies (Individual Plans). The share of manufacturers and importers that work as free riders, outside of the system, appears to be minimal. The amount of WEEE generated from the market is calculated at 22.4 kg per inhabitant. This is a sufficiently robust calculation. However, the accuracy can be improved as it is based on a limited set of Belgian data.  Via Recupel and the Individual Plans, 47% of this WEEE Generated amount is registered. Via the market surveys and other research, this study documents an additional 23% of WEEE generated. The remaining 30% is not yet documented, but recommendations are made below as to how to further fill this important knowledge gap. The data generated by this study will provide a solid foundation for Recupel’s discussions with government and market parties regarding measures to be taken to reach the EU’s new WEEE collection targets.