A widely used environmental policy, applicable to many product categories… According to the OECD definition, Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is “an environmental policy approach in which a producer’s responsibility for a product is extended to the post-consumer stage of a product’s life cycle”1. In practice, EPR implies that producers take over the responsibility for collecting or taking back used goods and for sorting and treating for their eventual recycling. Such a responsibility may be merely financial or organisational as well. The policy first appeared in the early 1980s in a few European Member States, especially for packaging waste, and since then it has continuously spread around the EU (and abroad). EPR should aim at internalising environmental externalities and should provide an incentive for producers to take into account environmental considerations along the products' life, from the design phase to their end-of-life. As such, EPR is to be considered as a major instrument in support of the implementation of the European Waste Hierarchy, and therefore for the increase of, by priority: prevention, reuse and recycling. Along with other key economic instruments, EPR can encourage a change in behaviour of all actors involved in the product value chain: product-makers, retailers, consumers-citizens, local authorities, public and private waste management operators, recyclers and social economy actors. EPR is also identified as a key instrument in link with resource efficiency and raw materials strategies promoted at EU level such as the flagship initiative for a resource-efficient Europe under the Europe 2020 strategy and the European Innovation Partnerships (EIP), launched under the European Commission's Innovation Union.