Publication type: Report
The circular economy provides solutions to global sustainability challenges by mitigating climate emissions, preserving biodiversity, and fostering a competitive, sustainable economy. Central to this shift is the rethinking of ownership. Instead of selling products outright, circular business models promote sharing, renting, repairing, upgrading, recycling, and reusing. These models, often termed producer ownership, include formats like product-as-a-service, material-as-a-service, performance-as-a-service, and function guarantees (e.g., extended warranties and deposit systems). By 2030, companies are expected to transition from selling to renting and maintaining products, retaining ownership throughout the life cycle. This shift is supported by legislation, economic incentives, digital platforms, and financing mechanisms. In Finland and across the EU, policy proposals—such as product passports, tax reforms favoring circular solutions, and public procurement strategies—aim to facilitate this transformation. Producer ownership fosters customer relationships, continuous cash flow, and resilience to regulatory and resource-related risks. Though some companies have already adopted these models, systemic change is needed. The report calls for investment in infrastructure, cross-sector collaboration, skills development, and technological innovation to accelerate the adoption of circular business models globally.
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