Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the flaws of the take-back program for empty pesticide containers implemented by the Brazilian chemical industry, which despite its overall success, is not working in the selected small rural community. Design/methodology/approach: This is an exploratory single-case study indicating that the outcome of the Brazilian take-back program still requires clarification. Findings: The Brazilian take-back program for pesticide containers targets large rural communities where economies of scale can operate. It is not possible to use the same reverse logistics strategy for both large and small rural communities. Research limitations/implications: Despite the fact that this exploratory single-case study might not be generalized to other small rural communities without further research; it indicated some implications for the development of other take-back programs. Originality/value: The paper shows that an efficient take-back program for pesticide containers should be designed taking in account the characteristics of each rural community. A strategy for a large rural community might not work in small ones. Economies of scale, postponement and speculation can be addressed to improve the reverse logistics strategy.