This chapter explores the issue dynamic associated with the 1994 packaging and packaging waste directive in the European Union. It offers a case study that focuses primarily on the processes of rule enactment rather than on the concern with implementation and impact in the case of water or the co-evolution of primary and secondary rules in the case of vehicle emissions. It seeks to provide answers to the two central questions: to what extent does the case show that there are routine and well-developed ways for dealing with environmental problems that rest upon participation of a set of actors at EU level; and how do such processes relate to the national level of decision-making? The consideration of the packaging and packaging waste directive allows exploration of one of the most contested areas in the single market or environmental policy issue dynamic, namely, waste management.